Structure and working principle diagram:

Its basic principle is:
The motor drives the central vertical shaft through a V-belt, causing the impeller to rotate at high speed. As the material passes through the impeller, it undergoes high-speed centrifugal motion, gaining kinetic energy and being ejected at high velocity. The ejected material is then crushed within the crushing chamber.
All continuous materials enter the high-speed rotating impeller through the central channel, filling dead corners under the action of centrifugal force, forming a **protective material curved surface**. On one hand, the curved surface protects the rotor disc from wear; on the other hand, materials undergo high-speed friction and collision along this curved surface and are ejected into the crushing chamber, causing intense collisions between materials. Simultaneously, a material curved surface forms within the crushing chamber, where colliding materials flow downward along the curved surface and undergo secondary collisions with materials ejected by the impeller, **finally** exiting through the lower chamber. Most materials undergo two or more collisions and friction, achieving crushing and shaping. This process involves minimal contact with the machine body (iron), resulting in **low iron contamination** in the final product and **maximizing** the preservation of the original material purity. Additionally, materials are subjected to impact crushing, where the crushing energy or force depends on kinetic energy 1/2mv² or momentum mv. From the formula, it is evident that crushing energy is proportional to mass (m) and the square of velocity (v²). When the mass (selected material) is constant, increasing velocity significantly enhances crushing energy. This machine **maximizes** the optimization of rotor disc rotational speed, and the impeller channels adopt a special wear-reducing structure, enabling material ejection speeds of up to 100 meters per second.

Equipment Features:
1. The production material has good particle shape, with no needle-like or flaky particles, no micro-cracks in the particles, and high single-particle hardness.
2. The bulk density of production materials is high, and the surface cleanliness of particles is good. Since the material is crushed through self-collision without the involvement of other media, the original purity of the raw material is largely maintained. Additionally, due to the air classification effect during the crushing process, impurities with lighter weight or finer particles can be effectively removed, thereby achieving a purification effect.
3. Compared with traditional processes such as ball milling, roller crushing, and jaw crushing, it offers the advantages of high output and efficiency. Particularly in the abrasive and refractory materials industries, products manufactured using the ZS series are irreplaceable by traditional crushing processes. As quality requirements for abrasives and refractory materials continue to rise, the adoption of the ZS series production process will inevitably replace older traditional methods.
4. Minimal equipment wear, low noise, smooth operation, and long service life of wear parts.
5. A special mechanical seal design is adopted to reliably ensure the service life of the kinematic pair.

Application Scope:
The ZS series sand making machine is widely applicable for crushing various hard and brittle materials, such as iron ore, copper ore, gold and silver ore, molybdenum ore, lead-zinc ore, tungsten ore, manganese ore, silicon carbide, corundum, fused glass, boron carbide, garnet, metallurgical silicon, quartz, mullite, flint clay, glass raw materials, refractory materials, ceramics, cement, artificial sand, talc, olivine, feldspar, fluorite, limestone, steel slag, and many other extra-hard, medium-hard, and abrasive materials for fine and medium crushing operations. It is an efficient and energy-saving equipment for fine crushing and coarse grinding.